🔰0Classification of Fungicide
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🔘Fungicides can be broadly grouped based on their
(i) mode of action
(ii) general use
(iii) chemical composition.
1》 Based on mode of action
■Protectant🛡
As the name suggests, protectant fungicides are prophylactic in their behaviour. Fungicide which is effective only it applied prior to fungal infection is called a protectant,
eg, Sulphur
zineb💊
■Therapeutunt🔬
Fungicide which is capable of eradicating a fungus after it has caused infection and there by curing the plant is called chemotherapeutunt
eg. Carboxin.
Oxycarboxin
antibiotics like Aureofungin.
Usually chemotherapeutant are systemic in their action and affect the deep-seated infection💊
■Eradicant⚔
Eradicant are those which remove pathogenic fungi from an infection court (area of the host around a propagating unit of a fungus in which infection could possibly occur),
eg. Organic mercurials,
lime
sulphur, dodine etc.💊
These chemicals eradicate the dormant or active pathogen from the host.
They can remain effective on or in the host for some time.
🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈
2 》 Based on general uses
The fungicides can also be classified hased on the nature of their use in nunaging the diseases.
1. Seed protectants:
Eg. Captan
thiram
organomercuncs
carbendazim
carboxin etc💊
2. Soil fungicides (preplant) :
Eg. Bordeaux mixture,
copper oxy chloride.
Chloropicrin.
Formaldehyde
Vapam etc.💊
3. Soil fungicides:
Eg. Bordeaux mixture,
Capton.
PCNB,
thiram etc💊
4. Foliage and blossom:
Eg. Captan ,
zineb protectants
mancozeb,
chlorothalonil etc💊
5. Fruit protectants:
Eg. Captan
maneb
carbendaim
mancozeb etc💊
6. Eradicunts:
Eg. Organomercurials
lime
sulphur, etc💊
7. Tree wound dressers:
Eg. Boreaux paste,
chaubattia paste, etc💊
8. Antibiotics:
Eg. Actidione,
Griseofulvin,
Streptomycin,
Streptocycline, etc💊
⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️
3》 Based on Chemical Composition
The chemical available for plant disease control runs into hundreds, however, all are not equally safe, effective and popular.
Major group of fungicides used include
salts of toxic metals
organic acids
organic compounds of sulphur mercury,
quinines and heterocyclic nitrogenous compounds.
Copper
mercury
zinc and nickel
are some of the metals used as base for inorganic and organic fungicides.
The non metal substances include, sulphur, chlorine, phosphorous
➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖
🔘Fungicides can be broadly grouped based on their
(i) mode of action
(ii) general use
(iii) chemical composition.
1》 Based on mode of action
■Protectant🛡
As the name suggests, protectant fungicides are prophylactic in their behaviour. Fungicide which is effective only it applied prior to fungal infection is called a protectant,
eg, Sulphur
zineb💊
■Therapeutunt🔬
Fungicide which is capable of eradicating a fungus after it has caused infection and there by curing the plant is called chemotherapeutunt
eg. Carboxin.
Oxycarboxin
antibiotics like Aureofungin.
Usually chemotherapeutant are systemic in their action and affect the deep-seated infection💊
■Eradicant⚔
Eradicant are those which remove pathogenic fungi from an infection court (area of the host around a propagating unit of a fungus in which infection could possibly occur),
eg. Organic mercurials,
lime
sulphur, dodine etc.💊
These chemicals eradicate the dormant or active pathogen from the host.
They can remain effective on or in the host for some time.
🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈🎈
2 》 Based on general uses
The fungicides can also be classified hased on the nature of their use in nunaging the diseases.
1. Seed protectants:
Eg. Captan
thiram
organomercuncs
carbendazim
carboxin etc💊
2. Soil fungicides (preplant) :
Eg. Bordeaux mixture,
copper oxy chloride.
Chloropicrin.
Formaldehyde
Vapam etc.💊
3. Soil fungicides:
Eg. Bordeaux mixture,
Capton.
PCNB,
thiram etc💊
4. Foliage and blossom:
Eg. Captan ,
zineb protectants
mancozeb,
chlorothalonil etc💊
5. Fruit protectants:
Eg. Captan
maneb
carbendaim
mancozeb etc💊
6. Eradicunts:
Eg. Organomercurials
lime
sulphur, etc💊
7. Tree wound dressers:
Eg. Boreaux paste,
chaubattia paste, etc💊
8. Antibiotics:
Eg. Actidione,
Griseofulvin,
Streptomycin,
Streptocycline, etc💊
⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️
3》 Based on Chemical Composition
The chemical available for plant disease control runs into hundreds, however, all are not equally safe, effective and popular.
Major group of fungicides used include
salts of toxic metals
organic acids
organic compounds of sulphur mercury,
quinines and heterocyclic nitrogenous compounds.
Copper
mercury
zinc and nickel
are some of the metals used as base for inorganic and organic fungicides.
The non metal substances include, sulphur, chlorine, phosphorous
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